Appearance of common ions in solutions and precipitates

It is important to know how solutions and precipitates of many compounds look like. This information is used in qualitative analytic chemistry, but sometimes it simply is useful for recognizing a certain compound in aqueous solution.

On this page, for many elements, solutions of common ions are shown and common precipitates are shown, such as hydroxides.

Not all elements have colorful solutions of their compounds. In the periodic table chart below, highlighted elements can be clicked for pictures and short descriptions of solutions of its compounds and some of its precipitates. Most elements are not highlighted. Most of them, because there are no colored or otherwise interesting ionic compounds in aqueous solution for those elements, sometimes, however, simply because I as an amateur chemist do not have access to (compounds of) the element.

Group 1 2   3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Period
1 1
H		 2
He
2 3
Li		 4
Be		 5
B		 6
C		 7
N		 8
O		 9
F		 10
Ne
3 11
Na		 12
Mg		 13
Al		 14
Si		 15
P		 16
S		 17
Cl		 18
Ar
4 19
K		 20
Ca		 21
Sc		 22
 Ti		 23
 V		 24
 Cr		 25
 Mn		 26
 Fe		 27
 Co		 28
 Ni		 29
 Cu		 30
 Zn		 31
Ga		 32
Ge		 33
As		 34
Se		 35
Br		 36
Kr
5 37
Rb		 38
Sr		 39
Y		 40
Zr		 41
Nb		 42
 Mo		 43
Tc		 44
 Ru		 45
Rh		 46
 Pd		 47
 Ag		 48
 Cd		 49
In		 50
 Sn		 51
 Sb		 52
Te		 53
I		 54
Xe
6 55
Cs		 56
Ba		 * 71
Lu		 72
Hf		 73
Ta		 74
 W		 75
 Re		 76
Os		 77
Ir		 78
 Pt		 79
 Au		 80
 Hg		 81
Tl		 82
 Pb		 83
 Bi		 84
Po		 85
At		 86
Rn
7 87
Fr		 88
Ra		 ** 103
Lr		 104
Rf		 105
Db		 106
Sg		 107
Bh		 108
Hs		 109
Mt		 110
Ds		 111
Rg		 112
Uub		 113
Uut		 114
Uuq		 115
Uup		 116
Uuh		 117
Uus		 118
Uuo
 
*Lanthanoids * 57
La		 58
Ce		 59
Pr		 60
Nd		 61
Pm		 62
Sm		 63
Eu		 64
Gd		 65
Tb		 66
Dy		 67
Ho		 68
Er		 69
Tm		 70
Yb
**Actinoids ** 89
Ac		 90
Th		 91
Pa		 92
U		 93
Np		 94
Pu		 95
Am		 96
Cm		 97
Bk		 98
Cf		 99
Es		 100
Fm		 101
Md		 102
No

Some metals are not highlighted, but are in bold-face. These will be described in a similar way as the highlighted ones. This page is still under construction and for all of the metals, mentioned in bold face, similar pages are added as for the highlighted ones.

   

 

   

 

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